ПУБЛІЧНА ПОЗИЦІЯ ДОНАЛЬДА ТРАМПА ЩОДО РОСІЇ Й УКРАЇНИ У ЛЮТОМУ 2014 – ЛИСТОПАДІ 2016 РР.

Наталія Городня, доктор історичних наук, професор, Київський національний університет імені Тараса Шевченка.

Владислав Чубара, магістр історії.

 Анотація

У статті розкривається публічна позиція Д.Трампа щодо Росії і України від початку російської агресії проти України у лютому 2014 р. до президентських виборів 2016 р.

Показано, що президентська кампанія Д.Трампа характеризувалася дружньою риторикою стосовно Росії і її президента В.Путіна. Лише у березні 2014 р. він оцінював Росію як геополітичного противника США, засуджував її політику щодо України і пропонував запровадити щодо неї економічні санкції. Проте вже в квітні 2014 р. ця позиція кардинально змінилася. З того часу він більше не характеризував дії Росії в Україні як «вторгнення», натомість говорив про «українську проблему», яка була результатом слабкої зовнішньої політики Б.Обами і неповаги Росії до США. Він вважав, що вирішувати цю проблему мають Німеччина та інші європейські держави, і намагався розглядати її окремо від відносин з Росією.

Від початку президентської кампанії Д.Трампа у червні 2015 р. покращення відносин з Росією і порозуміння з В.Путіним були її центральними темами. Це, на його думку, обумовлювалося передусім потребою спільних дій для знищення «Ісламської держави» і протидії радикальному ісламу. Коли ж його проросійська риторика викликала сильну суспільну критику, Д.Трамп почав акцентувати на переговорах з Росією з позиції сили і визнання нею американських інтересів. На нашу думку, позиція Д.Трампа суттєво не змінилася. Вона залишає багато простору для домовленостей з Росією за рахунок України.

Ключові слова: Дональд Трамп, США, Росія, Україна, президентська кампанія 2016 р.

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DOI http://doi.org/10.17721/2521-1706.2018.05.35-49